Psychosocial risk factors in primary care workers of the health organizations of Áraba and Basurto (Spain)
Abstract
PSYCHOSOCIAL RISK FACTORS IN PRIMARY CARE WORKERS OF THE HEALTH ORGANIZATIONS OF ÁRABA AND BASURTO
SUMMARY
Background: Psychosocial factors are one of the main determinants of health in our environment and are considered an emerging risk in this new millennium.
Objective: To know the psychosocial risk factors with the greatest impact on primary care workers in the integrated health organizations of Áraba and Basurto and to analyze the factors with the greatest impact.
Methodology: Secondary analysis of the data obtained through a descriptive prevalence study collected in the Psychosocial Risk assessment during the years 2021, 2022 and 2023.
Results: More than 80% of professionals in the health context have negative feelings and thoughts related to their work. 12.7% perceive their health as poor or very bad. Current health, compared to that of the previous 12 months, 20.9% refer to it as somewhat worse or much worse. In the events suffered in life in general, 29.37% was considered an external cause of affectation. 7.67% of the events that occurred at work were caused by work.
Discussion: Professionals in the health context are affected by psychosocial risk factors at work, leading to greater emotional demands and personal dissatisfaction. Conclusions: The results obtained justify the need to carry out a specific protocol for the prevention and promotion of psychosocial health.
Keywords: Occupational stress; Health sector; Workload/psychology; Workplace/psychology; Risk factors.
References
2. European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. European Business Survey on New and Emerging Risks (ESENER 2019). [cited 17 Jan 2024].
3. European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. Expert forecast on emerging psychosocial risk related to occupational safety and health (OSH). 2007 [cited 2024 Jan 17].
4. Soriano-Tarín G, Guillén Robles P. Protocol PSICOVS2012. Guide to recommendations for the specific health surveillance of workers exposed to psychosocial risks [Internet]. Affor Health; 2012 [cited 2024 Jan 17].
5. World Health Organization. The World Health Report 2001. Mental health: new understanding, new hope. Geneva: WHO; 2001. [cited 05 Jan 2023].
6. European Agency for Safety and Health at Work. Managing psychological risks in HORECA. E-FACT 25. [cited 2024 Jan 17].
7. Commission of the European Communities. Green Paper. Improve the Mental Health of the population. Towards a European Union strategy on mental health. Brussels, 14.10-2005 COM(205) 484 final. [cited 2024 Jan 17].
8. Gimeno D, Marko D, Martínez JM. Relationship between occupational psychosocial risk factors and absence for health reasons: work and non-work reasons in Spain. Arch Prev Riesgos Labor 2003; 6(3):139-45.
9. Wager N, Fieldman G, Hussey T. The effect on ambulatory blood pressure of working under favourably and unfavourably perceived supervisors. Occup Environ Med 2003; 60:468-74. 19
10. Bacquer D, Pelfrene E, Clays E, Moreau MM, Smet P et all. Perveived Job Stress and incidence of coronary events: 3-Year follow-up of the Belgian job stress project cohort. Am J Epidemiol 2005; 161:434-41.
11. García Gómez M, Castañeda R, Urbanos R, de la Cruz O, López P. Mental Illnesses derived from work in Spain and their direct health cost in 2010. Madrid: UGT; 2011.
12. National Institute of Safety and Health at Work. VI National Survey of Working Conditions. Madrid: INSST; 2007 [cited 2024 Jan 17].
13. National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health. VII National Survey of Working Conditions. Madrid: INSST; 2011 [cited 2024 Jan 17].
14. World Health Organization. World Report on Mental Health. Transform mental health for all. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2022. [cited 2024 Jan 17].
15. Mingote Adán José Carlos, Núñez López Concepción. Importance of Considering Mental Health in Occupational Health Management: A Shared Responsibility. Medicine. sure. hindrance. [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2024 Apr 13] ; 57 (Supplement 1): 239-262. Available in: http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?
16. International Labor Organization (ILO). List of Occupational Diseases Recommendation, 2002 (No. 194). [Internet]. [cited 2024 Jan 17].
17. Gómez-Salgado J, García-Iglesias JJ, Allande-Cussó R. Work and mental health. In: Ruiz-Frutos C, Delclós J, Ronda E, García A, Benavides FG (Eds.) Occupational Health. Concepts and techniques for the prevention of occupational risks (5th Edition). Barcelona: Elsevier, 2022.
18. Ronda E, Seguí M, Bonfill X, Urrutia G, Serra C. Evidence archives, a commitment to the practice of occupational health based on scientific evidence. Arch Prev Riesgos Labor 2012; 15(1):10-1.
19. Tárraga Marcos ML, Serrano Selva JP. State of Anxiety and Burnout in health workers in Albacete. JONNPR. 2016; 1(3):100-106.
20. Gil-Monte PR. Burnout syndrome. An occupational disease in the welfare society. Madrid: Pirámide; 2005.
21. National Institute of Safety and Health at Work. Teacher Burnout Syndrome
burnout as a work-related problem. Madrid: INSST; [cited 05 Jan 2024].
22. Salanova M, Schaufeli WB, Llorens Gumbau S, Peiró Silla JM, Grau Gumbau RM. From Burnout to Engagement: A New Perspective? Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology 2000; 16(2): 117-134.
23. McKnight JD, Glass DC. Perceptions of control, burnout, and depressive symptomatology: a replication and extension. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1995 Jun; 63(3):490-4. doi: 10.1037//0022-006x.63.3.490. PMID: 7608364.
24. Jorge Rodríguez, F, MA Blanco Ramos, S Issa Pérez, L Romero García, and P Gayoso Diz. «Relationship between professional quality of life and burnout in primary care physicians». Primary Care 36, no. 8 (2005): 442-47.
25. Belkic, K., Landsbergis, P., Schnall, P., Baker, D., Theorell, T., Siegrist, J., Peter, R., & Karasek, R. (2000). Psychosocial work environment Psychosocial factors: Review of the empirical data among men.
26. De Lange AH, Taris TW, Kompier MA, Houtman IL, Bongers PM. "The very best of the millennium": longitudinal research and the demand-control-(support) model. J Occup Health Psychol. 2003 Oct; 8(4):282-305. DOI: 10.1037/1076-8998.8.4.282. PMID: 14570524.
27. Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Medicine. Psychosocial factors at work: nature, incidence and prevention. Geneva: ILO; 1984. [cited 08 Feb 2024].
